Abstract

Ein Ziel des Horizon 2020 geförderten Projekts Circular Agronomics ist die Reduktion von stickstoffbasierten Emissionen durch die landwirtschaftliche Anwendung von Gärresten. Dafür werden verschiedene Pilotverfahren erprobt. Um das Konzept der Vakuumentgasung von Gärresten zu verifzieren, wurde eine Containeranlage in Berge (Nauen, BRB) mittels sieben Batchversuchen in Betrieb genommen. Der Gärrest stammte aus gemischter Vergarung. Unterschiedliche  Zusammensetzungen der Betriebsparameter Temperatur, Volumenstrom des Strippgases,pH-Wert und Absolutdruck wurden getestet um den Einfluss auf die Eliminationsrate von TAN zu untersuchen. Daneben wurden neben weiteren die Parameter KS,4,3, Leitfähigkeit und pH dokumentiert um Veränderungen auf das Puffersystem des Gärrests zu ermitteln. Um den Prozess zu zukunftig zu optimieren, wurde der allgemeine Anlagenbetrieb beobachtet. Bei 70 °C, 310 mbar pabs, pH 9 und einem Strippgasstrom von 3,1 m3 · h−1 konnten aus 40 L Gärrest in 90 min 94,6 % des TAN eliminiert werden, während die Elimination bei 35 °C nur 31,6 % betrug. Vorangehendes Strippen von CO2 bei 70 °C, 800 mbar pabs und einem Strippgasstrom von 3,1 m3 · h−1 konnte die benötigte Menge NaOH (50 %) von 6 mL · L−1 auf 3,2 mL · L−1 nach 30 min und 1,7 mL · L−1 nach 60 min absenken. Der Prozess könnte eine vielversprechende Alternative zur konventionellen Luftstrippung darstellen. Er hat Vorteile gegenüber alternativer Methoden wie Membranfiltration oder Ionenaustausch, da es keiner exzessiven Vorbehandlung des Gärrests bedarf. Zukünftig müssen einige bauliche Änderungen vorgenommen werden, um den kontinuierlichen Betrieb und die Rückgewinnung von Ammoniak in der Pilotanlage zu ermöglichen.

Abstract

A sewer network’s structural condition is an important parameter for medium-term planning support purposes and for the development of rehabilitation strategies. A variety of approaches to classify structural condition have already been developed, but no universal standard so far exists. This article presents the findings of a joint project funded by the German Federal Ministry of Economic Affairs called ‘Development of a Standard to Evaluate and Classify the Structural Condition of Sewers’ (SubKanS).

The project identified wear and tear on a sewer section based on its individual type of damage and its severity using different weighting that is grounded in sewer network operators’ requirements and expectations of a classification of this kind. It is then classified in a category of structural conditions. The project calibrated model parameters and assignment rules by drawing from expert assessments and evaluations of approximately 100,000 sewer sections.

Abstract

Ultimate aims to establish and foster water smart industrial symbiosis by implementing circular economy solutions for water, material and energy recovery. The circular economy solutions shall create a win-win situation for both the water sector and the industry. In nine case studies the water sector forms those symbiosis with companies from the agro-food, beverage, petrochemical, chemical and biotech industry.

Abstract

This report describes the main functionalities the SMART-Control web-based tool T1B Quantitative microbial risk assessment. The tool helps to quantify the pathogen occurrence in source water and their removal by various treatment steps at MAR facilities by using a probabilistic approach. The interactive web-based QMRA tool supports the evidence-based risk assessment to minimize water-related infectious diseases.

Abstract

Subsurface travel time from the area of recharge to the point of abstraction during MAR is a critical parameter to ensure sufficient attenuation for hygienic parameters and other undesired substances. A new simulation tool has been developed by the SMART-Control project partners KWB and TUD for determination of groundwater hydraulic residence time (HRT) using seasonal temperature fluctuations observed in recharge water and MAR recovery wells. This tool represents a proxy for quick, costs-effective and reliable control of travel time during aquifer passage. Time series of seasonal temperature measurements observed in surface water and abstraction wells can be fitted to sinusoidal functions. Peak values represented as local maxima and local minima and turning points from the fitted sinusoidal curves are used for the approximation of travel times between surface water and abstraction well. The calculated values are adjusted by a thermal retardation factor. The developed tool is userfriendly and offers the possibility to use existing hystorical temperature measurements as well as online sensor data. Data acquisition is resolved through the internal connectivity with other web-tools developed within the SMART-Control project, providing thus an integrated simulation environment.

Abstract

This report summarizes the work for monitoring of hydraulic residence time (HRT) carried out at the Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR) site Berlin-Spandau waterworks. The newly installed monitoring system consists of realtime online sensor data and evaluation algorithms implemented as a web-based software tool. The combination of online data with processing tools allows time-efficient HRT evaluation. Apart from HRT estimations, the monitoring also included measurements by flow-through cytometry (FCM), meta-genomic DNA sequencing and classical microbial cultivation-based analysis. FCM cell counting allows to quantitatively detect microbial cells after staining with a DNA-binding fluorescent dye. The aim of FCM measurements was to gain insights on microbial dynamics along the flow path from the infiltration basin to the abstraction well. The FCM device was installed to measure in the infiltration basin, groundwater observation well and abstraction well in a continuously flowing sampling line that allowed for automatic and continuous monitoring in water. Microbial indicators of viruses, bacteria and protozoa were sampled and analysed by classical cultivation-based methods in parallel to the FCM measurements. The combination of FCM with cultivation-based methods aimed to establish an indicative reference cell count representing a hygienically safe water. The high-frequency flow cytometry data revealed decreasing order of total cell counts from surface water in the infiltration basin water to groundwater in the abstraction well. The fairly constant measurements in the abstraction well may allow to use FCM fingerprinting as a fast monitoring tool in combination with cultivation based methods. However, long-term measurements of FCM for at least 6 months are recommended to assess seasonal fluctuation in both source water and groundwater. Water samples were in addition characterised by DNA sequencing enabling a complete "meta genomic" analysis and taxonomic profiling including bacterial, archaea, viral, eukaryotic DNA. The DNA sequencing in combination with FCM measurements showed that total cell counts decreased along the flow path while the biodiversity increased.

Do you want to download “{filename}” {filesize}?

In order to optimally design and continuously improve our website for you, we use cookies. By continuing to use the website, you agree to the use of cookies. For more information on cookies, please see our privacy policy.